拉斐尔作品《自画像》高清图片

作品简介

《自画像》是意大利文艺复兴艺术家拉斐尔创作于1504至1506年间的一幅小型杨木板油画，现藏于佛罗伦萨乌菲齐美术馆。作为拉斐尔佛罗伦萨时期的重要作品，这幅自画像展现了艺术家对北方绘画传统与达芬奇技法的融合探索。

画面以纯褐色背景衬托身着黑色长袍与软帽的艺术家半身像，右侧投射阴影。未完成的痕迹清晰可见：衬衫领口处裸露底石膏层并显露部分底稿，发际线未与背景完全融合。人物装束具有鲜明职业特征——后世称为"拉斐尔帽"的深色软帽为当时画家常见装束，仅露出少许白衬衣的深色罩袍暗示其职业身份。年轻的面容比例匀称，神情平静质朴，与《雅典学院》中的自画像形象高度吻合，推测为艺术家二十岁出头时的样貌。

原藏于乌尔比诺公爵宫，1631年转移至佛罗伦萨，后成为美第奇家族利奥波多枢机主教收藏，最终入藏乌菲齐美术馆。1631年档案记载为"拉斐尔亲笔所绘自画像"(un ritratto di Raffaello di sua mano)，是现存极少数1508年前拉斐尔肖像作品之一。

Self-Portrait is a small oil painting on poplar wood by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. It is believed to have been painted between 1504 and 1506 during his formative years in Florence. The work portrays the artist in a simple black robe and bonnet, set against a plain brown background with his shadow cast to the right. The self-portrait reflects the influence of both Leonardo da Vinci⁣⁣ and Northern European painting traditions. The work may be unfinished. Technical analysis, such as infrared reflectography, has confirmed its authorship.

Originally housed in the Palazzo Ducale in Urbino, the painting was transferred to Florence in 1631 and then became part of Leopoldo de' Medici's collection, which is now held in the Uffizi. It is considered one of the few surviving examples of Raphael’s portraiture from before 1508.

The painting depicts Raphael's head and shoulders on a plain brown background, with his shadow projected to the right. The collar of the sitter’s shirt remains bare and unpainted, revealing exposed gesso and some underdrawing. The hair also looks unfinished, as it does not overlap the brown background. His hairstyle, attire, and bonnet are similar to those of a Renaissance court page. He wears a dark cap, later known as a "raffaella," that was the kind worn by painters, as well as a dark robe, with just a small visible part of a white undershirt. He is dressed in his work clothes, a possible nod to his profession. He has a symmetrical and well-proportioned face that shows a calm and simple expression.

The Self-Portrait was sent to Florence in 1631, where it was described as "un ritratto di Raffaello di sua mano" ("a portrait of Raphael by his own hand"). Raphael's expressions and appearance resemble his self-portrait in the School of Athens, suggesting that the portrait shows the artist in his early twenties.

The work is oil on poplar and is 47.3 cm (18.6 in) high and 34.8 cm (13.7 in) wide.

Raphael's self-portraits were a significant part of his repertoire and played an essential role in shaping his public image, contributing to his awarded reputation. He inserted his own portraits into his paintings of other themes, such as the School of Athens.

Raphael's work was heavily influenced by Leonardo, particularly in his use of chiaroscuro and sfumato. However, Raphael's approach was unique due to his use of soft contours and calm facial expressions when depicting human subjects.

This is one of the few portraits by Raphael that remain from before 1508. This particular piece is well known due to the number of drawn, painted, and engraved copies that came after it. Its notoriety owes more to its subject than to its qualities as a painting.